Jay Levinson: /* Early history */

2007-08-09T07:20:20Z

‎Early history

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[[Image:ZAKA.jpg|right|thumb|300px|A ZAKA volunteer (wearing the yellow vest) helping MDA Mezach volunteers collect bodies and body parts for burial after a [[suicide bombing]].]]
[[Image:Zaka01.png|thumb|150px|right|Zaka logo]]

'''ZAKA''' ({{lang-he|זק"א}}, an abbreviation for ''Zihuy Korbanot Ason'', literally: "Disaster Victim Identification"), is a series of voluntary [[community emergency response teams]] in [[Israel]], each operating in a police district (two in the Central District due to geographic considerations). These organizations are officially recognized by the government. The full name is ZAKA - Identification and Rescue - True Kindness (Hebrew: זק"א - איתור חילוץ והצלה - חסד של אמת).

The network was set up in the early 1990s. The Jerusalem ZAKA organization was founded in the 1990s by [[Yehuda Meshi Zahav]] and [[Rabbi]] [[Moshe Aizenbach]] as a non-profit organization in addition to its police status. This arrangement succeeded the ZAKA organization founded by [[Rabbi]] [[Elazar Gelbstein]] in 1989.

Members of ZAKA, most of whom are [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox Jews]], assist [[ambulance]] crews, aid in the identification of the victims of [[terrorism]], road accidents and other disasters, and where necessary gather body parts and spilled [[blood]] for proper [[burial]]. They also provide [[first aid]] and [[rescue]] services, and help with the search for missing persons. ZAKA was involved in helping forensic teams in [[Thailand]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[India]], and [[Indonesia]] in the aftermath of the [[2004 Indian Ocean earthquake]], where they were nicknamed "the team that sleeps with the dead" because of their willingness to work around the clock. [http://www.smh.com.au/news/Asia-Tsunami/Israelis-bring-skills-at-identifying-bodies/2005/01/07/1104832310176.html]

The founders and members of ZAKA prefer to call the organization and their work ''Chesed shel Emet'' (חסד של אמת - "true kindness"), because they are dedicated to arranging the bodies of slain [[Jew]]s to be buried according to [[Halakha]], Jewish law. After acts of terrorism, ZAKA volunteers also collect the bodies and body parts of non-Jews, including [[Suicide bombing|suicide bombers]], for return to their families. The phrase ''Chesed shel Emet'' refers to doing "kindness" for the benefit of the deceased, which is considered to be "true kindness", because no reward is expected.

==Early history==
{{Israelis}}
The organization preceeding ZAKA started when a group of volunteers under the leadership of Rabbi Elazar Gelbstein gathered to assist in the recovery of human remains from a [[terrorism|terrorist]] attack on a ''Line 405'' bus in Israel in [[1989]]. In [[1995]] the newly organized ZAKA were officially recognized by the Israeli government and now work closely with the Israel [[Police]] in the identification of disaster victims.

ZAKA activity expanded rapidly during the [[al-Aqsa Intifada]] (from September 2000), when frequent terrorist [[suicide bombing]]s created many scenes of disaster, with the remains and body parts of many victims strewn around bombing sites.

==Growing public recognition==

The devotion of the members of ZAKA and the professional manner in which they handled difficult and tragic scenes, such as the treatment of the bodies of victims killed in [[suicide bombing]]s, led to strong public respect and admiration. The great contribution of ZAKA to [[Israel]]i society was soon widely recognized.

This recognition enabled ZAKA to recruit more volunteers, and with growing monetary donations, purchase advanced equipment, such as first aid kits, ambulances, MIRS and motorcycles (for rapid response).

The increase in reputation, donations and manpower enabled ZAKA to participate in additional voluntary activities beyond disaster victim identification and supplying first aid. Such other activities include helping senior citizens and education initiatives to prevent [[road accident]]s.

One of the founders of ZAKA, Yehuda Meshi Zahav, was given the honor of lighting an honorary [[beacon]] on Israel's 55th [[Independence Day]] official ceremonies on [[Mount Herzl]] in [[Jerusalem]], the revered burial spot of modern [[Zionism]]'s founder [[Theodor Herzl]].

==Recent history==

In 2004, a group of ZAKA volunteers flew to [[The Hague]], [[Netherlands]], with the wreckage of a [[bus]] destroyed on [[January 29]], [[2004]] in a suicide bombing in [[Jerusalem]]. The wreckage, along with pictures of 950 victims of [[Palestinian terrorism]], was taken to [[Washington DC]] to urge the [[United States]] to act against Palestinian terrorism. [http://story.news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/040506/ids_photos_ts/r2007434042.jpg]

In late 2004 and early 2005, members of ZAKA provided assistance in [[Thailand]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[India]] and [[Indonesia]] in the aftermath of the [[2004 Indian Ocean earthquake]]. Forensic teams reportedly dubbed the group "the team that sleeps with the dead" because they toiled nearly 24 hours a day at Buddhist pagodas in Thailand that had been transformed into morgues to identify those who died in the tsunami. The experience of ZAKA members, who reportedly see 38 bodies a week on average in Israel, helped the Israeli forensic team to identify corpses faster than many of the 20 or so other forensic teams that operated in Thailand in the aftermath of the disaster, which placed them in high demand with grieving families. [http://www.smh.com.au/news/Asia-Tsunami/Israelis-bring-skills-at-identifying-bodies/2005/01/07/1104832310176.html]

At the beginning of July 2005, Beeper Corp, the company that supplies ZAKA with communication to its members, cut off service to ZAKA due to unpaid debts.

In February 2007, ZAKA sent a 10-person rescue team, consisting primarily of rescue divers, to Paris to search for a missing Israeli Defense official. The mission is being funded by the Defense Ministry at an expected cost of $80,000. [http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/827237.html]

== See also ==
* [[Bereavement in Judaism]]
* [[Burial]]
* [[Forensic]]
* [[Hevra Kaddisha]]
* [[Israeli Security Forces]]
* [[Magen David Adom]]
* [[Hatzolah]]

== External links ==
* [http://www.zaka.org.il/en/ ZAKA Official Website] English version
* [http://zakausa.org/zaka_contact.cfm Contact Zaka]
* [http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Orgs/zaka.html ZAKA] at the [[Jewish Virtual Library]]
* [http://www.aish.com/jewishissues/israeldiary/ZAKA_Always_There_When_Terror_Strikes.asp ZAKA: Always there when terror strikes]
* [http://www.torah.org/features/firstperson/zaka.html ZAKA: Kindness Amid Terror - An Interview with a volunteer]
*[http://www.boston.com/news/world/asia/articles/2005/01/06/tsunami_forensics_team_evokes_bible_images/ Tsunami forensics team evokes Bible images], By Miranda Leitsinger, [[Associated Press]] Writer (reprint at boston.com)

[[Category:Medical organizations based in Israel]]
[[Category:Israeli Security Forces]]
[[Category:Disaster preparedness by country]]
[[Category:Jewish medical organizations]]

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ZAKA - Revision history

Jay Levinson: /* Early history */